GSTR-3B is the consolidated tax payment return — due by the 20th of the following month (monthly filers) or 22nd/24th depending on state for quarterly. It captures total outward supplies, ITC claimed, RCM payable, late fees, and final tax payment.
Unlike GSTR-1 which is invoice-level, GSTR-3B is summary-level — total CGST/SGST/IGST/Cess, ITC claimed against each, and net cash payment. The portal auto-populates fields from your GSTR-1 and your suppliers' filings (GSTR-2B).
Mismatches between GSTR-1 (claimed turnover) and GSTR-3B (declared turnover) flag the business for audit. Same for ITC claimed in GSTR-3B but not appearing in GSTR-2B.